The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr <p>The ASEAN Journal of Radiology (ASEAN-JR) is the official journal of ASEAN association of Radiology (AAR), Royal College of Radiologists of Thailand (RCRT), Radiological Society of Thailand (RST), and Foundation of Orphan and Rare Lung Disease (FORLD). <br /><br />ISSN: 0859-144X (Print)<br />ISSN: 2672-9393 (Online)</p> en-US <p><span class="fontstyle0"><strong>Disclosure Forms and Copyright Agreements</strong><br></span><span class="fontstyle2">All authors listed on the manuscript must complete both the electronic copyright agreement. (in the case of acceptance)</span></p> aseanjournalradiology@gmail.com (Wiwatana Tanomkiat) aseanjournalradiology@gmail.com (Wiwatana Tanomkiat) Thu, 31 Aug 2023 23:26:42 +0700 OJS 3.2.1.1 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Returning to the pre-pandemic situation but still in the years of infections https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/874 Wiwatana Tanomkiat, M.D. Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/874 Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0700 Tuberculosis: Important lessons from AOCR 2023, Bangkok, Thailand https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/871 <p>The Asian Symposia at the AOCR 2023 discussed the situation and role of radiology in tuberculosis. The scientific committee of the Asian Oceanian Congress of Radiology (AOCR) established the Asian Symposia in order to discuss important and relevant health topics with participating Asian radiological societies. At the AOCR 2023 Asian Symposia I: Situation and Imaging Innovation in Tuberculosis, different views, initiatives, and ideas were presented by representatives from various societies.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> Mini Pakkal, M.D., Bushra Johari, M.D., Jin Mo Goo, M.D., Ph.D, Ki Yeol Lee, M.D., Ph.D., Kushaljit Singh Sodhi, M.D., Wiwatana Tanomkiat Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/871 Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0700 The preoperative factors associated with underestimation of invasive breast cancer in stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy-diagnosed DCIS patients https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/778 <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Objective</strong>: To determine preoperative factors associated with underestimation of invasive breast cancer, where stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) diagnosed as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Material</strong><strong>s and Methods:</strong> Data from 95 patients diagnosed with DCIS by stereotactic VAB, including their clinical, radiological, and pathological findings between November 2010 and May 2021, were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical, radiological, and pathological features were analyzed.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The underestimation rate was 30.5 %. Three preoperative features were significantly associated with theunderestimation of invasive breast cancer in multivariable analysis, including palpability (OR, 11.51; 95% CI: 1.817-72.897; <em>P</em> = 0.009), BI-RADS category (OR, 3.705; 95% CI: 1.214-11.303; <em>P</em> = 0.021), and visibility of a mammographically detected lesion at ultrasonography (OR, 7.115; 95% CI: 1.977-25.611; <em>P</em> = 0.003). The calcification morphology was statistically significant in an univariable analysis but not in a multivariable analysis.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Preoperative variables significantly associated with underdiagnosis of invasive breast cancer, including palpability, BI-RADS category, and visibility of mammographically detected lesions at ultrasonography, could aid in assessing the risk of developing invasive breast cancer and conducting treatment selection.</p> Somchanin Pipatpajong, M.D., Rachata Tangkulboriboon, M.D. Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/778 Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0700 Factors related to bone mineral density in female patients receiving TSH-suppressive doses of levothyroxine for thyroid cancer https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/191 <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background</span></strong></span><span class="None"><strong><span lang="TH">:</span></strong></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US"> Patients with thyroid cancer receive a high</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">-</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">dose thyroid hormone therapy</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">after</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">total thyroidectomy for suppression of</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">thyroid stimulating hormone </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">(</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">TSH</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">)</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">; this may affect bone mineral</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">density</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH"> (</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">BMD</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">). </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">Identifying</span></span><span lang="EN-US"> the common factors that affect BMD </span><span lang="TH">(</span><span lang="EN-US">including the duration of a high</span> <span lang="EN-US">dose of thyroid hormone</span> <span lang="EN-US">treatment</span><span lang="TH">) </span><span lang="EN-US">may,</span> <span lang="EN-US">therefore, aid</span> <span lang="EN-US">the delivery of appropriate and comprehensive care in such cases</span><span lang="TH">.</span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><strong><span lang="FR">Objective</span></strong></span><span class="None"><strong><span lang="TH">:</span></strong></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">To identify the factors related to BMD in female patients with thyroid cancer</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">.</span></span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Materials and </span></strong></span><span class="None"><strong><span lang="EN-US">M</span></strong></span><span class="None"><strong><span lang="EN-US">ethods</span></strong></span><span class="None"><strong><span lang="TH">: </span></strong></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">This cross</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">-</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">sectional study evaluated</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">data pertaining to the</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">BMD and demographic characteristics of female patients with thyroid cancer</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">. </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">The patients were aged at least 40 years and received a high</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">-</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">dose thyroid hormone replacement therapy after total thyroidectomy at</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">the </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Rajavithi <span class="Hyperlink5">Hospital between January 2004 and December 2019</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">. </span></span><span lang="EN-US">The relationships between BMD and associated factors were analyzed using Pearson</span><span lang="TH">’</span><span lang="EN-US">s correlation and multiple linear regression</span><span lang="TH">. </span><span lang="EN-US">A p</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">value of less than 0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">05</span> <span lang="EN-US">was considered statistically significant</span><span lang="TH">.</span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><strong><span lang="PT">Results</span></strong></span><span class="None"><strong><span lang="TH">: </span></strong></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">A total of 100</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">female patients with a mean age of 55</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">.</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">37 </span></span><span class="None"><span lang="EN-US">± </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">11</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">.</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">36</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">(</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">40</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">-</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">82</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">)</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US"> years and mean body mass index </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">(</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">BMI</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">)</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US"> of 24</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">.</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">8 </span></span><span class="None"><span lang="EN-US">± </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">4</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">.</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">96 </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">(</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">15</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">-</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">40</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">) </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">were</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">included; 60 and 56 of them were postmenopausal and coffee drinkers, respectively</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">. </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">High</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">-</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">dose thyroid hormone replacement therapy</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">was received for a mean duration of </span></span><span lang="EN-US">94</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">59±50</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="TH">36 </span><span lang="TH">(</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">210</span><span lang="TH">)</span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">months and 13 patients had a history of fractures; 60</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">%</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">, 30</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">%</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">, and 10</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">%</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US"> had normal BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis, respectively</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">. </span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">The factors affecting BMD </span></span><span lang="EN-US">included the</span> <span lang="EN-US">BMI</span> <span lang="TH">(</span><span lang="EN-US">p</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">value &lt;0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">001</span><span lang="TH">) </span><span lang="EN-US">and postmenopausal status</span><span lang="TH">(</span><span lang="EN-US">p</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">value &lt;0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">001</span><span lang="TH">)</span><span lang="TH">. </span><span lang="EN-US">Subgroup analyses showed</span> <span lang="EN-US">the BMI to be the</span> <span lang="EN-US">factor </span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">affecting BMD </span></span><span lang="EN-US">in the</span> <span lang="EN-US">premenopausal group </span><span lang="TH">(</span><span lang="EN-US">p</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">value &lt;0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">001</span><span lang="TH">). </span><span lang="EN-US">Age, BMI,</span> <span lang="EN-US">and calcium supplement intake</span> <span lang="EN-US">were found to have an</span> <span lang="EN-US">effect on the BMD </span><span lang="EN-US">in the postmenopausal group</span> <span lang="TH">(</span><span lang="EN-US">p</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">value</span><span lang="TH">= </span><span lang="EN-US">0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">003, 0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">002, and 0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">020, respectively</span><span lang="TH">)</span><span lang="TH">. </span><span lang="EN-US">The duration of high</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">dose thyroid hormone intake had no effect on the BMD in both the overall population</span> <span lang="TH">(</span><span lang="EN-US">p</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">value</span><span lang="TH">= </span><span lang="EN-US">0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">558</span><span lang="TH">) </span><span lang="EN-US">and the subgroups</span> <span lang="EN-US">based</span> <span lang="EN-US">on</span> <span lang="EN-US">the </span><span lang="EN-US">menopausal</span> <span lang="EN-US">status</span> <span lang="TH">(</span><span lang="EN-US">p</span><span lang="TH">-</span><span lang="EN-US">value </span><span lang="TH">= </span><span lang="EN-US">0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">437 and</span> <span lang="EN-US">0</span><span lang="TH">.</span><span lang="EN-US">380</span><span lang="EN-US"> in premenopausal and postmenopausal groups, respectively</span><span lang="TH">).</span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><strong><span lang="IT">Conclusion</span></strong></span><span class="None"><strong><span lang="TH">:</span></strong></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">In female patients who were treated for</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">thyroid cancer, the factors affecting the</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">BMD included the BMI in the premenopausal group and the</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">age, BMI, and calcium supplementation in the</span></span> <span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="EN-US">postmenopausal group</span></span><span class="Hyperlink5"><span lang="TH">. </span></span></p> </div> <div> <p class="Body"><span class="None"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p> </div> Araya Boonyaleepan M.D., Tarit Taerakul M.D. Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/191 Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0700 Comparative study of setup errors between new and reused thermoplastic masks in irradiated head and neck cancer patients https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/808 <p><strong>Background: </strong>The accuracy and precision of patient setup are important in radiotherapy. The thermoplastic mask is used to immobilize head and neck cancer patient. However, the mask is reused for low-income patients. Therefore, the setup error should be evaluated to approve that these patients remain in the exact position during treatment.</p> <p><strong>Objective:</strong> To investigate setup errors with the use of thermoplastic masks in head and neck cancer patients and to compare setup errors of new and reused thermoplastic masks.</p> <p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Eighty patients who underwent volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) for head and neck cancer lesions were retrospectively evaluated. The setup error, population systematic error, and population random error were calculated. Subsequently, setup errors in patients using the new and reused thermoplastic masks were compared.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The population systematic error in the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral directions for new masks was 2.02, 2.27, and 2.13 mm, respectively, and that for reused masks was 2.37, 1.96, and 2.33 mm, respectively. The population random error in the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral direction for new masks was 1.46, 1.54, and 1.57 mm, respectively, and that for reused masks was 1.65, 1.63, and 1.87 mm, respectively. The results showed no statistically significant difference supported by <em>p</em> value &gt; 0.05 in the setup error between using the new and reused thermoplastic masks in all directions.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> For head and neck radiotherapy, the population setup errors were &lt; 3 mm in all directions. Moreover, thermoplastic masks can be reused in patients with head and neck cancer.</p> Nipha Chumsuwan, Ph.D., Lalita Romkedpikun, B.Sc., Janyaporn Thongthae, B.Sc., Tanapan Yousuk, B.Sc. Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/808 Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0700 Acute changes of superior mesenteric artery pressure after intraarterial bolus injection of prostaglandin-E1. https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/206 <p><strong>Background: </strong>A bolus injection of prostaglandin-E1 (PGE1) into the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) immediately before SMA-portography can effectively visualize the portal vein.</p> <p><strong>Objective:</strong> The purpose of this study was to obtain basic pharmacoangiographical data and evaluate the hemodynamic changes following intra-arterial bolus injection of PGE1.</p> <p><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>Forty-four consecutive patients undergoing transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for liver cancer were retrospectively evaluated. SMA-portography was performed prior to TACE. An intra-arterial bolus injection of PGE1 was performed immediately before SMA-portography. Both SMA pressure and left brachial artery pressure were measured before, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 minutes after SMA-portography.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Systolic pressure in the SMA decreased significantly 3 minutes after SMA-portography and remained low for 5 minutes. The maximum reduction rates in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the SMA were 4.8% (4 minutes after SMA-portography) and 6.8% (5 minutes after SMA-portography), respectively. The left brachial artery pressure decreased similarly to the SMA. There were no significant changes in pulse pressure before or after PGE1 injection in either the SMA or brachial arteries.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A bolus injection of PGE1 into the SMA was shown to decrease blood pressure in the SMA and brachial arteries, but the pulse pressure remained constant.</p> <p> </p> Yukihiro Hama, M.D., Ph.D. Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/206 Fri, 01 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0700 Superficial siderosis presenting as hemiparesis in a paediatric patient with congenital Factor V deficiency – A case report. https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/157 <p>Superficial siderosis is a rare abnormality caused by deposition of hemosiderin in the subpial or subarachnoid spaces of the brain, cranial nerves, and spinal cord. It results from chronic repetitive bleeding in the subpial/subarachnoid space. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain is the diagnostic modality of choice. We describe a rare case of an 18-month-old male, a known case of congenital Factor V deficiency, who presented with recurrent vomiting, irritability and right-sided hemiparesis. On Magnetic resonance imaging, there was hypointense coating of the surface of the brainstem and cerebellum with ventricular dilatation. This case emphasizes the fact that superficial siderosis should be specifically looked for when evaluating a patient with a history of previous intracranial bleed followed by a thorough search for the source of the hemorrhage.</p> Dr. Pushkar Mendiratta, MD, DNB, Dr. Samaresh Sahu MD, DNB, FRCR, MNAMS, Dr. Aneesh Mohimen, MD, DM Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/157 Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0700 MEMORIAL: PROFESSOR EMERITUS CHALEOW PIYACHON https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/872 Pavarit Piyachon M.D. Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/872 Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0700 Pediatric imaging of neuroblastoma-From classic to atypical https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/313 <p>Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumour in children, accounting for approximately eight percent of paediatric cancer and fifteen percent of pediatric cancer deaths. Reaching a correct and timely diagnosis is extremely important, especially in aggressive NB. Prognosis and treatment are based on tumour biology and genetics, patient age and perhaps most importantly, disease stage. The current staging system relies heavily on imaging, and this pictorial essay provides a description of the radiological features of NB, from classic to atypical, and the modalities used to help confirm the diagnosis and staging of NB. Our aim is to provide radiologists with a comprehensive collection of presentations of NB, to help improve diagnostic accuracy and decrease time to diagnose. </p> Michal Scolnik, M.D., Luda Glozman M.D. , Noa Mandel-Shorer, M.D., Michalle Soudack Ben-Nun M.D. , Anat Ilivitzki, M.D. Copyright (c) 2023 The ASEAN Journal of Radiology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 https://asean-journal-radiology.org/index.php/ajr/article/view/313 Thu, 31 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0700